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Malayo-Polynesian Māori (or Maori) is the Polynesian language spoken in New Zealand. It is closely maori haka related to Rarotongan (sometimes known as Cook Islands Māori), Tahitian (or Mā'ohi), and new zealand maori haka Hawaiian. Māori was brought to New Zealand by Polynesians coming most likely from the area of Tahiti, who likely arrived in sea-faring canoes which were double-hulled and probably sail-rigged. In the maori carving last 200 years the Māori language has had a very tumultuous history, going from the position maori jewellery of predominant maori tribal tattoos language of New Zealand until into the 1860s, when it became a minority language in the ancient maori rock carvings shadow of the English brought by white settlers, missionaries, maori hooks gold-seekers and traders. In the late 19th century, the English school system was introduced for all New Zealanders, maori weapons and from the 1880s the use of Māori in school was forbidden (see Native Schools). Increasing numbers of Māori people learned English because it was required at school and because of the prestige and opportunity associated with the language. maori culture Until World War II, however, most Māori still spoke Māori as a native language. maori Worship was in Māori, it was the language of the home, political meetings were conducted in Māori, and some newspapers and some literature was published in Māori. As late as the 1930s, some Māori parliamentarians were disadvantaged because the Parliament's maori cannibalism proceedings were by then carried on in English. In this period, the number of speakers of Māori began to decline rapidly until by the 1980s less than 20% of Māori spoke the language well enough to be considered native speakers. Even for many of those people, Māori was no longer the language of the home. By the 1980s, Māori leaders began to recognize the dangers of the loss of their language maori art and patterns and began to initiate Māori-language recovery programs such as the Kōhanga Reo movement, maori art which immersed infants in Māori from infancy to school age. This was followed by the founding of the Kura Kaupapa, a primary school program in Māori. The Māori language belongs to the Austronesian family of languages. A member of the Tahitic branch maori women and tattoos of the Polynesian maori designs languages, it is most traditional maori food closely related to Tahitian, spoken in Tahiti and the Society Islands, and to Rarotongan, spoken in the southern Cook Islands. These are so closely related that they are sometimes referred to as dialects of a single language, but they are generally listed as separate languages. They have been diverging for many centuries, and are no longer inherently mutually intelligible. Māori is spoken almost exclusively in New Zealand, by upwards maori department of conservation for fishing of 100,000 people, nearly all of them maori warrior of Māori descent. Estimates of the number of speakers vary: the 1996 census reported 160,000, while other estimates have reported as low as 50,000. The level of competence haka maori video in the language of those claiming to be Māori speakers is unknown. The number of native speakers is likely to be very small indeed, counted in dozens. Māori persists as a community language in some isolated settlements maori patterns in the Northland and East Cape areas. The Māori language effectively ceased to be a living community language in the post war years when there was a period of wholesale maori bone pendant rapid urbanisation of the Māori population. Māori is one of three official languages of New Zealand, the other two being English and NZSL. Most government departments and agencies now have bilingual names, maori songs for example, the Department of Internal Affairs is known polynesian tattoo design maori as Te Tari Taiwhenua, and bodies such as local government offices and public libraries also have bilingual signs. New Zealand Post recognises Māori place names in postal addresses. State funding for teaching of the language ensures that it is maori dictionary maori traditions an option in all state schools and from March 2004 a Māori TV service part broadcast in the language has been funded. The current interpretation of the Treaty of Waitangi sees language preservation as a Government responsibility. It is too early to know if the current attempts to revive the language are working. In 2004 Māori maori tattoo designs Language Week was celebrated between 26 July and 11 August The 1894 (Fourth) edition of Grammar of the New Zealand Language (by the Archdeacon of Auckland, R. Maunsell, LL.D., described seven distinct dialects for the North Island alone — Rarawa, Ngapuhi, Waikato, Bay of Plenty, East Cape, Port Nicholson–Wanganui, and Wanganui–Mokau — but mentioned some variations within some of those) By 2004, many of the minor dialects have probably declined almost to extinction, maori tattoo and most new maori translator students and speakers can be expected to use the official and/or Māori Television standards. However, regional variants are still apparent, on different websites and even between speakers and subtitle-writers on Māori Television. A Māori phrasebook maori people which is a useful general guide for visitors is here at Wikitravel. One dialect that has returned maori english dictionary to prominence in recent years is the Kāi Tahu dialect, often referred to as Southern Māori. The most obvious feature is the substitution of k for ng, as evidenced in the tribal name (Ngāi Tahu is the name used in certain acts of Parliament, leading to the common usage of both versions of the name). Other variations from more northern dialects include the presence of extra consonants g (as distinct from ng or k, e.g., Katigi, Otago), and l which substitutes for r (e.g., Little Akaloa, Kilmog, Waihola, Rakiula (a variation of Rakiura or Stewart Island/Rakiura). maori war dance The "wh" of northern Māori is also often replaced by a simple "w" or even "u", as in (e.g., Wangaloa). Southern Māori also has apocope as a frequent feature, with maori language the final letters of words often being pronounced as schwas or remaining unvoiced. For these reason, early European settlers to New Zealand referred, for example, to Lake Wakatipu as "Wagadib", and many locals still refer to Otago as Otaguh. Until the last decade or so, Southern Māori was used uniquely in the south and was actively discouraged in favour of standard (Waikato) Māori, which was the only form used by government and most institutions. It has gained acceptance in recent years, however, leading to changes in the official names and translations of several southern places and institutions. New maori food Zealand's highest mountain, known for centuries as Aoraki by southern Māori, and as Aorangi by northern Māori, was later named Mount Cook after Captain Cook. Its maori names official name now is maori tattoos Aoraki/Mount Cook and only this name may be printed maori tribe on maps and official documents. Similarly, Dunedin's main research library (the Hocken Library) now has the name Te Uare Taoka o Hākena, rather than Te Whare Taonga o Hākena. Southern Māori still leads to some confusion among general Māori speakers, who will frequently persist in using standard Māori pronunciation maori tatoos rather than Southern Māori for southern place maori history names, notably the town of Oamaru (pronounced with four syllables in standard Māori, but only three in Southern Māori). Of all of the existing Polynesian languages, Māori is the only member of the group where compound nouns are formed extensively. Long compound nouns are possible in Māori, but unlike German, compound nouns are not heavily used. Nouns mostly keep the same form in both singular and plural, the change of number being indicated by a change in the definite article from te (singular "the") to ngā (plural "the"). Māori has seven diphthongs: maori carvings /ae/, /ai/, /ao/, /au/, /oe/, /oi/, and /ou/. A macron indicates a long vowel. <ng> maori people of new zealand is pronounced /ŋ/, that is, like the ng in English "sing." The pronunciation of <wh> varies, but it is generally pronounced /ɸ/, an "f" or "h" sound made by putting the lips together as if to make a "w" sound; today [f] (labiodental) is also used, which may be an influence from English. Māori <r> is a tap, like the <r> in Spanish, or like the t in the American English pronunciation of "city." There is no native writing system maori peoples for Māori. Missionaries made their first attempts to write the language using the Roman alphabet as early as 1814, and Professor Samuel Lee of Cambridge University worked with chief Hongi Hika and his junior relative Waikato to systematize the written language in 1820. Literacy was an exciting new concept that the Māori embraced enthusiastically, and missionaries reported in the 1820s that Māori all over the country taught each other to read and write, using sometimes quite innovative maori tattoo art materials, such as leaves and charcoal, carved wood, and the cured skins of animals, when no paper was available. There has been speculation that the petroglyphs maori legends once used by the Māori developed into a script similar to the Rongorongo of Easter Island, but there is no evidence that these petroglyphs ever maori moko evolved into a true system of writing. Reo Māori allows oranga hinengaro (mental health) workers to provide maori weapon Māori clients with personalised therapy. Being able to communicate and explain whakaoranga (therapy) procedures and outcomes allow both kaimatai hinengaro as well as Māori clients to understand and clarify any areas of concern. Māori clients are able to communicate their expected outcomes of whakaoranga using Reo Māori and kaimatai hinengaro are able to utilise Reo Māori concepts of health, such as Whare Tapa Wha model in their whakaoranga sessions. Being able to speak the same language not only acknowledges the ahautanga whakatipu (upbringing) of Māori clients, it also allows maori religion maori tribes Māori clients to relate better to their kaimatai hinengaro. An increasing number of Maori loanwords are entering New Zealand English. Originally many of these related to Maori culture e.g. Marae and indigenous flora and fauna e.g. Moa, but in recent years, phrases such as Kia ora have become popular. Many Maoris, including those who don't speak the Maori language, speak a form of English partly influenced by it. Examples include: Back to the
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